 The popularity of the English cottage look never seems to fade. With its pretty palette and old-fashioned flowers, such as hydrangeas and roses, it bespeaks a playful but sweet mood that encourages relaxation. Let�s look at the elements that create this style.
Traditional Accents
Accents and decorative items have traditional colors and designs. Sculptures of concrete, stone, or wood are representational, rather than abstract. Fences, birdhouses, and containers are of natural materials.
Brick Underfoot
Hardscape materials, such as aged brick or pavers, are easy to care for, and their earthy tones allow flower and foliage colors to stand out. Flagstone or pea gravel is also a good choice.
Floral Furnishings
Fabrics and furniture in clear colors reflect the graceful curves and colors of nature, blending with traditional garden flowers.
Lessons on Style
For more ideas on cottage garden flowers, look for Creating a Cottage Garden in North America by Stephen Westcott-Gratton (Fulcrum Publishing; $29.95).
Design Tips For Fall | from Garden Ideas
Get landscaping ideas to carry the beauty of your garden design into the fall. See how in-ground and container gardening combinations can add interest. |
 For most gardeners, those first hints of cool weather at the end of a long, hot summer are a welcome relief. It�s almost as if Mother Nature is beckoning you to put away your lawn mower and dandelion weeder, kick back in a lounge chair with a good book, and enjoy the outdoor air-conditioning as brightly colored leaves flutter down around you.
Before you enjoy a well-deserved break, take a good look around your garden. Do you see anything that captures the season and beckons you outside? Or does it look like a garden that�s been beaten to a pulp by the summer heat? If your landscape has a case of the blahs that threatens to drive you from the lounge chair to your living room � with shades drawn � this could be the time to make some outdoor improvements. Follow these design strategies to capture the splendor of autumn in your garden.
1. Contrast Colors. Remember the color wheel you learned in second-grade art class? Colors opposite each other on the wheel are complementary because they work well together. By pairing plants with foliage and blooms of complementary colors, you can create some eye-catching combinations, such as smoke tree (Cotinus coggygria) and Euphorbia.
Bonus Tip: Most blooms are fleeting. For long-lasting impact, select plants with colored foliage. Look to variegated plants in particular to provide the creams and yellows that match up well with purple and maroon.
2. Dress in Layers. By positioning plantings according to their height, you can achieve spectacular effects with just a few plants. Don�t be too obvious with your layers by staging plants in perfect rows. Work in odd-number groups and pull a plant or three slightly off center. Try to mix up textures, and get a little variety in colors, too.
Bonus Tip: For beds that will be viewed from two sides, place the tallest plants in the center and step down on each side. For beds that will be viewed from all sides, place the tallest plants in the center and then step down and out in a rippling fashion.
3. Accent The Season. While the selection of plants available for late-season planting continues to grow, fall still relies heavily on decorating accessories to make a splash. Luckily, there�s plenty to choose from. Jazz up an entryway with gourds, pumpkins, dried flower arrangements, golden cornstalks, and potted flowers. The easygoing effect can last for months.
Bonus Tip: Fall is a great time to experiment with temporary decorations that might look out of place at another time. Buy old tools and farm items at garage sales and put them in a harvest-theme vignette.
4. Do an annual Dress-Up. Many inexpensive annuals can be used to cheer up your fall landscape as deciduous plants, perennials, and summer annuals begin to fizzle out. Use reinforcements of mums, pansies, dianthus, flowering kale, and other cold-tolerant annuals in patio containers, near entrances, around the mailbox, and in other high-traffic areas.
Bonus Tip: : Get lots of mums on a tight budget by rooting cuttings in spring. Simply cut off 3-inch stems from larger plants, dip in rooting hormone powder, and pot up in a moist mix of peat moss and perlite.
5. Clue Into Style. Let the style of your home and the surroundings provide clues to elements that will best complement your landscape. Tall grasses, easy-care perennials, and an unfinished board fence set a definite rural theme. Replace the grass with a rambling rose and switch out the board fence with a white picket fence, and you instantly get more of a cottage garden feeling.
Bonus Tip: Use the right mulch for the job. Dried grass clippings, pine needles, or straw will give a rustic look to a bed, while washed gravel, chips, or polished rocks will impart a more formal look. |
6. Understand Garden Art. Garden art can serve as focal points that stop the eye from wandering around the garden. Place the artwork where it can call attention to a particularly nice plant. The strategy also can work in reverse. Here, an �Osakazuki� Japanese maple, iris, and golden fern draw attention to the graceful bronze cranes that otherwise might visually fade into the lily pond.
Bonus Tip: If you want an object to serve as a focal point, avoid placing it too low. To make it a true feature that will garner attention from a distance, set the object at eye level. Set smaller objects on pedestals.
7. Keep It In Scale. You wouldn�t hang a tiny painting on a huge blank wall, nor would you take up an entire wall of a breakfast nook with a huge painting. Give the same consideration to structures and plants in your garden. A small footbridge lends a comfortable sense of human scale to the garden surrounding this modest cottage. Similarly, trees and shrubs are smaller in size.
Bonus Tip: Control the scale of your garden by researching mature height and spread of plants before purchase rather than buying unruly plants that will need constant pruning.
8. Invite Guests: Create a welcoming entrance by clearly defining the path to the front door. Use color, texture, fragrance, and even sound from trickling water or swishing grasses. Homeowners can create an inviting entrance by adding a front yard of petunias, zinnias, and Artemisia paired with flagstone paving that gently leads visitors to a new front porch sheltered by an arbor.
Bonus Tip: Avoid using plants with thorns and spines near an entrance. Even if they are planted a safe distance from paths, they can present a subtly inhospitable appearance.
9. Use Grass: wisely. Fall landscapes get a lot of visual help from peaking ornamental grasses. But if you use too many in the same area, they tend to blend together and look flat. Set them apart by pairing with nongrasses. Here fountaingrass (Pennisetum alopecuroides) and Eulalia grass (Miscanthus sinensis) are given needed breathing space by asters and irises.
Bonus Tip: Many ornamental grasses will benefit from a contrasting background. This is especially useful when backing grasses with wispy seed heads that would otherwise get lost at a distance.
10. Tame the Beast. You don�t have to cultivate every square inch of your property. You might maintain a small, shipshape bed close to home and farther afield loosen up with a more naturalistic garden. This courtyard maintains a tidy look with gravel paving, boxwood edging, and dwarf apple trees. It opens to a forest of native plantings just beginning to sport their fall colors.
Bonus Tip: To save on your budget, create a private courtyard with carefully sited sections of walls, fences, and hedges rather than a solid perimeter. The area will seem less confining as well.
11. Structure It. Whether they�re gazebos, walls and fences, or more subtle benches and trellises, structures provide substance. Without them, a garden can lack a sense of permanence. Use structures to create bones for planting beds, flowing streams, rolling lawns, and natural areas. Here rot-resistant black locust fence posts, linked with chain, create a boundary that is practical yet aesthetic.
Bonus Tip: Try to keep the amount of paving on your property to less than 10 percent. More than that gives the unfriendly impression of too much hardscape, informal studies have shown.
12. Consider the View. Move tables, chairs, hammocks, and any other furniture that isn�t bolted down to take advantage of the ever-changing scenery around your garden. Place them near blazing fall foliage where you can soak up the season. Even small objets d�art can be shifted to a different location to highlight a plant that is at its peak.
Bonus Tip: Container plants also can be cycled in and out when they are at their best. Nurseries use this marketing ploy all the time. Put your best containers up front where they can be seen.
13 Frame Things Up. Frame an inviting garden scene with an arbor, pergola, or even plants with a strong architectural quality. In this instance, an arbor clad in clematis and anchored by towering Joe Pye weed (Eupatorium purpureum) frames a curving boardwalk and the feathery blooms of Miscanthus sinensis �Blondo�. The disappearing path invites visitors to explore.
Bonus Tip: Don�t let your arbor stand alone. Anchor it with plantings. You might select an evergreen vine to clothe it during winter and lace a deciduous vine through it to add another period of bloom.
14. Repeat Yourself. Following a color theme helps lend continuity to
a garden. This busy perennial border is organized by repeating the purple foliage of fountaingrass (Pennisetum setaceum �Rubrum�) and crimson barberry (Berberis thunbergii), along with asters and verbena. The colors don�t need to match exactly, but they should be in the same family.
Bonus Tip: To capture the resplendent beauty of grasses and fall foliage of deciduous plants, locate them west of a window, where they will be backlit by a sunset, or to the east to be highlighted by the sunrise.
15. Think Touchable. For a more intriguing design with depth, juxtapose plants with a variety of textures. Select plants with large, thick, round foliage with a coarse appearance. Mix in plants with spikes of long, thin leaves as well as plants with lacy, fine foliage. If you don�t make a conscious effort to vary the texture, you�ll likely wind up with a garden that looks flat and ho-hum.
Bonus Tip: Use texture to create a subtle optical illusion. The eye perceives smaller objects as distant. Plant an abundance of fine-texture plants at the back of your garden to make it appear larger.
Shade Success | from Country Gardens
Before you put those partial-shade garden ideas in motion, read our advice for shade-garden design. |
 Shade Success
Susan Warde learned some rules for tending beds in full to partial shade.
Change your mind-set. �View shade gardening as a wonderful opportunity, not as making the best of a difficult situation,� Susan says.
Keep the compost coming. Woodland plants thrive in rich humus. Amend your soil heavily at the start, adding lots of compost. Susan always mixes a generous amount of compost into every planting hole. �I usually add a sprinkling of all-purpose fertilizer, too,� she says, �since I rarely fertilize afterward.�
Water. A shade garden requires less frequent watering than one in sun, but it needs to be kept moister because tree roots compete for water with shade-loving plants. Place a water supply in a convenient location to make irrigation easy. Better still, incorporate a sprinkler system or soaker hoses into your garden.
Assess the light. Sunlight filtered through trees creates a mix of light and dark areas. �Take advantage of areas that receive more light to tuck in part-sun plants,� Susan says. �You can also plant some full-sun plants in partial-shade spots, but they won�t flower as profusely.�
Tackle tree roots. Under large trees such as maple, digging deeply is impossible because of roots. Susan conquered the problem by planting large, uniform patches of groundcover with foliage that contrasts in a pleasing way: �John Creech� sedum (Sedum spurium �John Creech�), a woodland geranium, and vinca (Vinca minor).
Lighten up on decor. Choose light-color rocks for paths and walls, and use pale statuary. Darker objects disappear in the low light of a shade garden.
Elements Of Style | from Garden, Deck & Landscape
Whether you�re choosing a flower garden design or trying a landscaping idea, the right garden accessories and plants can set the mood you�re trying to achieve. |
 The right details furnish your garden with a welcome style. Which style is yours?
Landscape design trends come and go, but certain century-old garden styles continue to maintain their appeal.
Each style � Asian, cottage, formal, and others � possesses its own characteristic details such as particular plants, water features, and hardscape materials. Many features are so strongly identified with a style that they immediately evoke the appropriate mood.
Choosing a garden style that works for you is a matter of taste. You can design your entire garden according to a specific style, but sometimes just a few carefully placed details evoke a style.
Look through our primer on three enduring and cherished garden styles, then incorporate style elements into your garden for the look you want.
The controlled naturalism of Asian gardens embodies nature�s grandeur and spirituality. Asian gardens simplify natural forms like mountains, lakes, and forests.
Asian
In the Asian tradition, landscape contemplation � in the wild, in a garden, or in a scroll painting � serves as a spiritual experience. The Chinese and Japanese traditionally held sacred the space within a garden and considered the world outside profane.
Lake- and island-style gardens, developed in China, influenced Japanese garden design. Islands symbolized the dwellings of immortal spirits and consisted of carefully placed earth mounds or jagged rocks set in an artificial pond. Zen monks abstracted this concept into a flat rectangle of fine raked gravel from which carefully chosen rocks emerged. The stones represented islands or mountains; the raked gravel stood for the water currents around the islands.
Some Japanese gardens offer a rustic landscape and contain wet or dry streams and waterfalls, surrounded by ferns, moss, and clipped, gnarled pines. |
Cottage
gardens express joy and passion for individual plants. They originated centuries ago as humble, fenced-in plots of land kept by cottagers who treasured wild-collected flora for its usefulness. Livestock and vegetables, berry bushes, fragrant flowers, and herbs for crafts, cooking, and medicine packed the enclosures.
In the 19th century, cottage gardens assumed a more romantic aspect. Inspired by paintings that idealized cottage life, gardeners filled dooryards, window boxes, and borders with old-fashioned flowers, bulbs, herbs, roses, and apple trees.
The informality of cottage gardens lends them an exuberance lacking in most planting schemes, yet the gardens are neither random nor sloppy when the overall design is carefully
structured.
Formal
A formal garden looks best near a traditional-style house so the garden echoes and embellishes the home�s architecture. Formal gardens are symmetrical, featuring a main axis and sometimes several lesser axes branching off the principal one. The main axis often leads from a specific location near the house (the front door, a central balcony, or a stone
terrace) to a distant focal point such as a bench, pavilion, sculpture, or urn. By continuing the geometry of the house outdoors, a formal layout creates a transition to a wild or informal landscape at the property�s edge.
Whereas a love of plants or nature inspires cottage and Asian gardens, formal designs express the humanistic ideal of people as the center of the universe. At the Ch�teau of Versailles in France, the gardens� grand scale and precise geometry were designed to glorify the power of the 17th-century Sun King, Louis XIV. For most homeowners, however, a more modest formal layout works well.
|
|
|
|
0 comments:
Post a Comment